Hanover Non-Profit Attorneys & Lawyers

Key Takeaways

• Capital stock refers to the total shares a corporation is authorized to issue, encompassing both common and preferred stock.
• It is distinct from outstanding shares, which represent what has actually been issued and purchased.
• Par value and additional paid-in capital are key accounting components used in calculating the book value of capital stock.
• Issuing capital stock helps corporations raise capital without incurring debt but may dilute ownership and control.
• Capital stock plays a role in corporate governance, ownership rights, and investor expectations, especially regarding dividends and liquidation.
• The types, rights, and issuance rules tied to capital stock are governed by a corporation’s charter and state corporate law.
• Shareholders can assert voting rights, income claims, and liquidation preferences depending on the stock class they own.

What is Capital Stock?

Capital stock

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Key Takeaways:

• Tortious interference occurs when a third party intentionally disrupts a contractual or business relationship, leading to economic harm.
• There are two types: tortious interference with a contract and tortious interference with a business relationship.
• Essential elements of a claim include a valid contract or relationship, knowledge by the defendant, intent to interfere, actual interference, inappropriate conduct, and damages.
• Defenses to tortious interferen

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Key Takeaways:

• The DMCA protects digital creators by outlining processes like takedown notices to address unauthorized content use.
• Safe harbor provisions shield service providers from liability if they meet specific criteria, such as promptly addressing copyright complaints.
• Rights holders must provide detailed information when filing DMCA takedown notices to ensure compliance.
• Platforms utilize technical protection measures, like content-matching technology, to enforce copyright rules.

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What Is the Key Man Clause?

A key man clause (or key person clause) says that when certain executives of an investment firm are absent, the firm cannot make any new investments until they replace them. Investments need constant watching. Therefore, it's important for investment firms to always have someone in charge.

Key man clauses trigger anytime the executives named by the clause aren't spending enough time managing the firm's investments. This can happen if the executive:

• Dies
• Suffers a permanent or long-term disability
• Spends too much time at another job
• Quits or is fired
• Is convicted of a serious crime

Whatever the cause happens to be, if the executive can't do his or her job, the key man clause puts investing on hold at the very least. Sometimes it means the investment firm has to end, depending on how big the firm is and how important the key person was.

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Key Takeaways:

• An international trademark search helps businesses avoid conflicts, protect brands, and expand globally.
• WIPO’s Global Brand Database and Madrid Monitor are essential search tools.
• Companies must understand trademark classes, figurative elements, and translation implications.
• The Madrid System simplifies filing in multiple countries, but requires a national application or registration first.
• Professional legal guidance is often necessary for complex global filings.What Is International Trademark Search?

International trademarks are used by companies that are planning to export their services or products overseas. The registration and application process for international trademarks is regulated by the Madrid Protocol. Unlike the trademark protection provided by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Offic

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