Key Takeaways

  • An LLC can have unlimited DBAs, but each must be filed separately according to state rules.
  • Multiple DBAs allow an LLC to operate under different names and serve various markets or industries.
  • Managing multiple DBAs adds bookkeeping, tax, and legal complexities, especially when intermingling operations.
  • States have different rules for DBA registration, including naming restrictions and publication requirements.
  • Operating multiple DBAs doesn’t create separate legal entities—liability and taxation still flow through the LLC.
  • DBAs can be used for branding, franchising, product line differentiation, or entering new geographic markets.
  • Consider alternatives like series LLCs or holding companies if more separation or scalability is needed.

How Many DBAs Can an LLC Have?

If you've ever asked, "how many DBAs can an LLC have," the answer depends on various factors, including state laws. If you would like to operate your business under a name that differs from your legal name, it is important to take the right steps.

Overview of LLCs and DBAs

In order to run a successful business, you must have a clear understanding the of the marketplace. When you are in the early stages of operation, for instance, you will want to determine the best name and business structure for your company. 

When forming a limited liability company, this will allow you to enjoy pass-through taxation. You will also avoid personal liability in relation to company debts. State laws require that LLCs operate under the legal name as stated in the company's articles of organization. However, a name may no longer reflect the brand's values or objectives. This is particularly the case when an LLC decides to offer products or services that no longer align with their name. 

If this sounds like you, know that you can register one or more "doing business as" names with the state. 

A "doing business name" or "DBA" is an assumed name that a company uses, which differs from its legal name. Governed by state law, some states will not allow two businesses to use the same DBA. This is why LLCs need to submit a DBA application. Although most businesses register a single DBA, there are instances where multiple DBAs may be the most beneficial option. 

Why an LLC Might Use Multiple DBAs

An LLC may choose to use multiple DBAs for various strategic reasons. While the legal protections of the LLC remain the same, the DBAs can reflect different product lines, customer segments, or regional markets. This allows business owners to test new concepts or rebrand without forming a new entity.

Common scenarios for using multiple DBAs include:

  • Operating different service offerings under unique brand names
  • Launching new locations with distinct local branding
  • Creating separate online stores or websites
  • Entering niche markets without confusing the core brand
  • Running seasonal or short-term ventures

Using multiple DBAs can streamline market segmentation and improve customer targeting, but it’s essential that each name aligns with a clear business strategy and maintains legal compliance.

Registration of DBAs

Once the members of an LLC agree on a name and conduct a name search, registration is the next step. 

The main purpose of registration is to inform the local government and public as to what entity owns the company associated with that name. This also helps to ensure that all operations of that business name can be traced back to the rightful owners. If you go ahead and use a DBA without registering it, this could lead to penalties at both the local and state-level.

State-Specific Rules for DBA Filings

DBA registration is governed by state—and sometimes county—laws, which means the process and requirements can vary. Most states require that you:

  • Check name availability and avoid conflicts with existing entities
  • Avoid using restricted words (e.g., “bank,” “insurance,” etc.)
  • File separate applications for each DBA
  • Renew DBAs periodically (some states require annual or biennial renewals)
  • Publish a notice of the new DBA in a local newspaper (required in states like New York)

Additionally, some states require DBAs to be filed at the county level, which can add another layer of compliance. Failing to follow these requirements can result in penalties, including fines or loss of naming rights.

Multiple DBAs Are Allowed

Registering a DBA name with the state is typically straightforward. To complete this process, you will need to complete a form and pay the filing fee. Although there is technically no DBA name limit, each name generally needs to be filed separately. 

If you are considering multiple DBA names:

  • Consider how your chosen name will influence your company's success in the marketplace
  • Know that multiple names can be used in varying markets to push tailored products or services
  • Determine whether your current name is no longer beneficial in terms of your brand image

Pros and Cons of Having Multiple DBAs

Advantages:

  • Brand Flexibility: Tailor names to different audiences or market niches.
  • Cost Efficiency: Cheaper than forming multiple LLCs.
  • Market Testing: Try new concepts or offerings without significant risk.
  • Centralized Management: Keep all operations under a single entity while differentiating brands.

Disadvantages:

  • Increased Administrative Work: Each DBA needs to be maintained, renewed, and possibly published.
  • Complicated Accounting: Income and expenses for each DBA must be tracked carefully, though all financials roll up to the LLC.
  • Shared Liability: Legal issues in one DBA can affect the entire LLC.
  • Marketing Confusion: Poor brand distinction may confuse customers or dilute marketing efforts.

Business owners should weigh these factors when deciding how many DBAs to file under one LLC.

Single DBA Application Filings

If you are a sole proprietor or partnership, you are required to file a DBA if you plan to operate under a fictitious name. Under certain circumstances, only one application is needed. In this case, the state department, county clerk's office, or a similar agency will handle the application process. As a business owner, it is your responsibility to understand what the state requires in terms of a legitimate DBA name. 

Multiple DBA Application Filings

If you are currently a limited liability company or corporation, there are key benefits associated with multiple DBAs.Multiple DBAs can:

  • Help your business segment markets, increasing brand control and market research
  • Allow specific departments or branches to operate under its own name

Although you are welcome to register numerous DBAs, there are associated filing costs. In that sense, filing multiple names may be unnecessary based on your company's needs. In addition, when a business has two open DBAs, this can make bookkeeping more challenging. Since each DBA is not a separate business, the IRS will view both DBAs as a single entity. It is not possible to separate revenues during tax time. This can make it difficult to claim losses for one DBA when the other DBA is making money. 

Not only can tax time become more complex, but multiple DBAs can increase liability concerns. For example, a major loss within one DBA could be catastrophic for the other. Worst case, if an LLC operates as two DBAs, failure of one could result in the company loses both businesses. 

Alternatives to Multiple DBAs: Series LLCs and Holding Companies

While multiple DBAs can offer flexibility, they may not always be the best solution—especially for entrepreneurs seeking more legal separation between ventures.

1. Series LLCsSome states allow for Series LLCs, where a parent LLC can create "series" that each have their own name, assets, and liabilities. This offers:

  • Liability protection between series
  • Separate records and business purposes
  • Simplified formation compared to multiple LLCs

2. Holding Companies with SubsidiariesA holding company is another option where the parent LLC owns multiple separate LLCs (each acting as a subsidiary). Each subsidiary can:

  • Operate independently
  • Offer strong legal separation
  • Maintain distinct financials and liability protections

These alternatives may be more complex to manage and often require higher administrative costs, but they provide stronger protections and scalability compared to DBAs.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How many DBAs can an LLC legally have? There is no federal limit—the number of DBAs an LLC can have depends on state law, but most states allow unlimited DBAs as long as each is properly registered.

2. Do I need to file a separate form for each DBA? Yes, each DBA typically requires its own application and filing fee with the appropriate state or local agency.

3. Is a DBA a separate legal entity from the LLC? No, a DBA is not a separate entity. It’s simply a trade name under which the LLC operates.

4. Will I need a separate EIN for each DBA? No, since the DBAs are not separate legal entities, they operate under the LLC’s existing EIN.

5. When should I consider forming a separate LLC instead of a DBA? If you want separate legal liability, independent finances, or plan to sell a specific business unit, forming a new LLC may be more appropriate than adding a DBA.

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